Time calibration and pulse processing of the baikal-GVD neutrino telescope

AbstraktAbstract

In the past few decades high-energy neutrino astronomy has emerged by a construction of neutrino telescopes deep in ice and under water at both the Southern (IceCube) and Northern (Antares, Baikal-GVD, KM3Net) hemispheres. Its primary goal is to reveal the most powerful sources of energy in the universe such as active galactic nuclei powered by mass accretion onto black hole at the center of its host galaxy, what can be achieved by a detection of astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range. After IceCube telescope confirmed that blazars produce ultra-high energy neutrinos the era of multi- messenger astronomy has started allowing to look at sky simultaneously with light, neutrinos, and gravitational waves. The high energy universe is a great laboratory to search also for fundamental properties of matter, in particular dark matter particles, axions, magnetic monopoles, new light bosons etc. The Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope is under construction in the Lake Baikal, the largest and deepest freshwater lake in the world, since 2015. The first phase of the construction with 0.4 km3 of instrumented volume is expected to be finished in 2021. However, the data from the first clusters of the detector are already analyzed and exploited for a development of data analysis software. To reach an optimal performance of the Baikal-GVD detector advanced calibrations and analysis techniques have to be developed, tested and implemented in data processing. Further, a subject of interest is to construct a possible extension of the Baikal-GVD telescope, which might reduce the background from atmospheric neutrinos and muons in the detector. The results obtained within this PhD thesis are expected to be important for the construction, operation and performance of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope.

In the past few decades high-energy neutrino astronomy has emerged by a construction of neutrino telescopes deep in ice and under water at both the Southern (IceCube) and Northern (Antares, Baikal-GVD, KM3Net) hemispheres. Its primary goal is to reveal the most powerful sources of energy in the universe such as active galactic nuclei powered by mass accretion onto black hole at the center of its host galaxy, what can be achieved by a detection of astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV range. After IceCube telescope confirmed that blazars produce ultra-high energy neutrinos the era of multi- messenger astronomy has started allowing to look at sky simultaneously with light, neutrinos, and gravitational waves. The high energy universe is a great laboratory to search also for fundamental properties of matter, in particular dark matter particles, axions, magnetic monopoles, new light bosons etc. The Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope is under construction in the Lake Baikal, the largest and deepest freshwater lake in the world, since 2015. The first phase of the construction with 0.4 km3 of instrumented volume is expected to be finished in 2021. However, the data from the first clusters of the detector are already analyzed and exploited for a development of data analysis software. To reach an optimal performance of the Baikal-GVD detector advanced calibrations and analysis techniques have to be developed, tested and implemented in data processing. Further, a subject of interest is to construct a possible extension of the Baikal-GVD telescope, which might reduce the background from atmospheric neutrinos and muons in the detector. The results obtained within this PhD thesis are expected to be important for the construction, operation and performance of the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope.